Salem witch trials Essay Example For Students

Salem witch preliminaries Essay The Salem witch preliminaries Essay began in 1692 brought about 19 executions and 150 allegations of black magic. This is one of the recorded occasions nearly everybody has known about. It is a theme that is discussed, and can be viewed as questionable. A statement by Laurie Carlson shows exactly how questionable the point can be. (A) character legend is unquestionably what the witch chases in Europe furthermore, Salem have become, however they have more premise in certainty than most fantasies. The accounts of the witch chases are character legends for our time, to be told by women's activists, left-wing intelligent people, furthermore, legal advisors for President Clinton, each taking what the person needs from the story, including or The preliminaries started in light of the fact that three little youngsters, Betty Parris, Abigail Williams, and Ann Putnam started having crazy fits subsequent to being discovered participating in taboo fortune telling. That is correct fortune telling, not moving exposed in the forested areas like the story has been advised to numerous times (2). The fortune advising happened in light of the fact that they were attempting to discover what kind of men they would wed. Betty Parris father was a reverend of the town on Salem, Massachusetts. The Reverend, Samuel Parris brought in senior specialists to decide whether the young ladies suffering was brought about by black magic. In spite of the fact that Betty was sent away decently soon, and didn't take part in the preliminaries, the staying two young ladies were joined by other youthful and elderly people ladies in arranging open shows of their pain when within the sight of blamed witches. The occasions in Salem have been utilized as a subject in numerous scholarly works. Anthropologists additionally check out these compositions since they show a portion of the qualities of town black magic just as a portion of the highlights of the European witch furor. Numerous analysts have seen the Salem witch fever as the last flare-up of the European witch rage which was moved to North America. As in African and new Guinea towns, the first allegations in Salem were made against individuals who the informers had motivation to despise or fear. Besides, the initial not many of the blamed fit the definition for minimal people prone to stir doubt. In any case, as in Europe, the allegations spread, and before long enveloped individuals not engaged with any of Salems feelings of resentment or issues. As in Europe, there was a conviction that the charged were in Assumed specialists went out to do logical investigations to analyze black magic. Curiously, during the provincial time frame in Africa, soon after WWII, there was various witch discovering developments in Africa that firmly took after the Salem scene. Normally in these witch discovering developments, the witch discoverers would roll in from outside a town and guarantee to be capable to free the town of the entirety of its black magic. At this period there was extraordinary separation, with individuals moving around in light of government business, reasonable farmland, and numerous different causes. A few people were improving their financial status because of these change, and others finished up being more regrettable off. While previously, everybody in an area had followed a similar religion, individuals were currently presented to Christianity and the neighborhood religions of individuals who had moved to their district, or whose locales they had moved to. In the urban communities of focal and Southern Africa, numerous neighborhood religions and Christian factions could be found, just as Islam. Confidence in black magic would in general join individuals across strict contrasts. Furors expanded all through time, individuals started to be denounced who had not stirred a specific jealousies, potentially in light of the fact that they had a particular looking thing which may be said to contain otherworldly medication. These rages would in general fade away, in any event after extensive clash and property harm, and the witch discoverers would then proceed onward to the following town. As black magic allegations despite everything happened in the regions, we can presume that the developments didn't dispose of witches until the end of time. Witch Trials 4 There have been three fundamental methodologies taken to the examination of the Salem witch preliminaries. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: The Role of Women Essay With Massachusetts in their possession, the Puritans could make their optimal state with no impedance from over the oceans (27: 358). In June .

Behaviour Management and Purposeful Learning Essay - 1

Conduct Management and Purposeful Learning - Essay Example Conduct the executives is of impressive significance in the field of training. It is centered around building up the learning capacity and expanding the profitability of a student. Conduct the executives is applied by instructors to expand functionality of understudies and diminishes disturbance in the examination condition. The procedures and standards utilized in conduct the executives are of predictable nature. It is exceptionally fundamental for educators to build up an agreeable relationship with their understudies as conduct the executives set an establishment for instructors to take a shot at the understudies. As per McGrann,(2011)â€Å"If we center around positive practices and manufacture a trusting, deferential relationship with our understudies, we are guaranteeing an effective school year for our understudies and for ourselves†. In conduct the board as methodical methodology is instated to the guide the better learning of the understudies. Understudies can be just effective in their learning on the off chance that they are prepared under legitimate social administration methods. A large portion of the instructors around the globe utilize conduct the executives strategies to enable the learning arrangement of their understudies. Conduct the board additionally permits developing order, m indful and consistency in the learning conduct of student. Diverse Psychological Perspective in Behavioral Management In social administration, distinctive mental speculations are applied to control the standard of conduct of the students. The three principle social mental hypotheses which are considered here are as per the following. I)Behaviorism Theory: According to behaviorism hypothesis, it is accepted that the learning capability of a student depends on the molding he accomplished. Molding is a viewpoint accomplished exhaustive association with the outer condition. In his article Cherry,(2011) composes that â€Å"According to behaviorism, conduct can be concentrated in an orderly and perceptible way with no thought of interior mental states†. The molding itself can be grouped in to two classification as traditional molding and operant molding. Traditional molding is a strategy where normal upgrade is identified with a reaction and later a characteristic improvement is c ombined with a formerly unbiased boost. At long last the nonpartisan improvement comes to make reaction without the help of characteristic boost. Though, operant molding is a procedure by which learning is accomplished through remunerations and disciplines. In operant molding an association is made among conduct and its outcome. Behaviorism depends upon perception and henceforth it is simpler to evaluate the learning result of the understudies and it likewise helps in gathering information when examines are led in study halls. Behaviorism method is amazingly useful when predicative changes are required with regards to the destructive conduct of grown-ups and youngsters. Be that as it may, pundits guarantee that it is one †dimensional methodology and it doesn't be able to impact the sentiments and states of mind of the student. It is additionally seen that behaviorism can't be applied to learning process where disciplines and support are not a section. Intellectual Theory Cognit ive hypothesis is a learning hypothesis wherein human behaviorism is clarified with the assistance of understanding the preparing of contemplations in human brain. As indicated by this hypothesis, it is accepted that person have intelligent nature and settle on decisions as indicated by his reasonableness. Here human brain is contrasted with a PC as his data preparing is

Misophonia or Selective Sound Sensitivity Syndrome

Misophonia or Selective Sound Sensitivity Syndrome OCD Related Conditions Print What You Should Know About Misophonia By Kristin Hayes, RN Kristin Hayes, RN, is a registered nurse specializing in ear, nose, and throat disorders for both adults and children. Learn about our editorial policy Kristin Hayes, RN Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Susan Olender, MD on November 08, 2014 Susan Olender, MD, is an assistant professor of medicine at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City. Learn about our Medical Review Board Susan Olender, MD Updated on February 03, 2020 John Rensten / Getty Images More in OCD Related Conditions Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Living With OCD Misophonia, also called selective sound sensitivity syndrome, is a poorly understood condition that literally means hatred of sound. People with misophonia react in an extreme and often emotional way to certain trigger sounds. Reactions range from annoyance, running away or even rage with some individuals lashing out violently. Triggers While misophonia is sometimes compared to another condition called hyperacusis, misophonia triggers tend to be soft everyday sounds, in fact, many of them seem to involve bodily functions. The following are common triggers: chewinglip smackinggulpingslurpingfingernail tappingfingernail clippingbreathingsniffingsnortingsneezingyawningnose wheezingnose whistlingwhistlingclickingdishes clattering or spoons scraping on dishesdogs barking It is interesting to note that in the case of bodily functions such as yawning or lip-smacking the sound often only triggers a response when it is produced by another person. Like hyperacusis, many people with misophonia also suffer from tinnitus. Responses to Trigger Sounds The response an individual with misophonia has to these triggers is often called autonomic and sometimes compared to the bodys fight or flight response. The fight or flight response is also called the acute stress response. It is the bodys natural way of responding to a situation it deems as threatening. Our body automatically begins to release the hormones adrenaline and norepinephrine which causes our heart rates and breathing rates to increase. It also causes our muscles to tighten and our blood vessels to constrict, our pupils dilate and we become more aware of our surroundings and more alert. This the bodys way of preparing us to respond to the stimulus it deems as threatening. It is unclear why a person with misophonia might respond in a similar manner to a triggering sound but researchers believe this response is involuntary. People with this chronic condition often report feelings of panic, rage, and anxiety in response to triggering noises. Those who suffer from misophonia may go to great lengths to avoid being exposed to triggering noises. They may isolate themselves socially, or invent interesting coping mechanisms. Some may wear headphones or produce other noises to drown out triggering sounds. A Poorly Understood Condition As previously mentioned, misophonia is a poorly understood, and under-researched, condition. The term misophonia did not arise to describe the condition until the year 2000, although the condition was described much earlier as selective sound sensitivity syndrome. Awareness of the disorder has increased since several news stories aired nationally on the disorder in 2011. Shortly thereafter, TV host Kelly Ripa said on television that she believes she also suffers from misophonia. Despite increased awareness of the disorder, research on misophonia is very limited with most information coming from extremely small studies and case reports. Epidemiological evidence is also lacking. Some studies suggest that the incidence of misophonia is much higher than professionals have previously thought but many people only have mild symptoms for which they do not seek treatment. As of 2011 there was no established diagnostic criteria for misophonia, however, proposed diagnostic criteria was published in 2013 and researchers suggested that the disorder be classified as a separate and discrete psychiatric disorder. There are currently no established treatments for misophonia.

The Slavery Of The United States - 1545 Words

Ranging from a necessary evil to a positive good, the perception of slavery proved to be a polarizing issue. Many northern citizens were indifferent to the idea of slavery, while southern plantation owners relied on slavery to support their economies. After the Second Great Awakening, the abolition movement was introduced and opposition to slavery began to receive attention. Due to political ideals, acquisition of new American territories, and religious influences, opposition to slavery grew rapidly in the United States from 1776 to 1852. Natural rights of life and liberty fought for during the American Revolution were extended to slaves in the North. One of the Articles of Confederation government’s greatest achievements was in passing the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, which marked an early effort to contain slavery by prohibiting it in the Old Northwest. (Document A) The doctrine of slavery holds Africans in perpetual slavery as animals. The Massachusetts Supreme Court decision in Commonwealth of Massachusetts v. Nathaniel Jennison upholds the abolition of slavery. The natural rights of life and liberty are protected for all citizens in the Massachusetts Commonwealth. It was stated that all men, regardless of race or physical attributes, are equal. The American Revolution created a sense of egalitarianism and a new ideal of government grounded in liberty and the natural rights of man. The legal system of Massachusetts codified an opposition to slavery. A growingShow MoreRelatedSlavery And The United States891 Words   |  4 PagesThe Unites States during the 1850s was a harsh time for African Americans, not only were they treated extremely harsh; but many of them were slaves as well. Slavery was the topic of every discussion during this time period and the United States was literally split on the issue of slavery. A lot of the Southern States wanted to continue slavery because it was a way of life. Many of the southerners depend on slavery to help grow and harvest crops that were on acres and acres of land. Northerns, onRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1449 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Slavery is founded on the selfishness of man’s nature; opposition to it on his love for justice.† This saying by Abraham Lincoln tells us that people are really different when it comes to their beliefs and attitudes. Some are so focused on wealth, which is why they have slaves to work for free, and treated them as properties instead of real human beings. On the other hand, some peopl e were against slavery because it violated the basic human rights like the right to life, liberty, and security.Read MoreSlavery And The United States848 Words   |  4 Pagesthe United States. During these years, many different topics were up for dispute and compromises were being negotiated. Unfortunately, it was hard for all of the citizens to come to a complete compromise for the disputes. Some states had similar opinions, while others were in a deadlock. One of the biggest disputes during this time were over slavery. While other disputes only involved a few states, slavery was a dispute that caused unrest between two distinctive regions in the United States: theRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States953 Words   |  4 PagesEvery country has a dark past, whether it’s about conquering land from Native Americans, or mass genocide of a single race. The United States was no different from the rest of the world, especially when slavery was involved. The South had its reas ons on why to establish and justify the slavery system while the North rejected their beliefs. By focusing on the South’s argument, this will help to understand why they fought for their rights to keep slaves and understand how the African Americans wereRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1095 Words   |  5 Pagesattempted to cure their complete opposition on the regulation of slavery by using federal power to coerce an end to the feud, yet the movement increased tension between the divided nation. By invoking both legislative and judicial power, politicians used laws which included slave codes and freedom laws as well as court decisions like Dred Scott v Sandford (1875) to convince or force the population into acceptance of stances on slavery. Each party viewed their tactics and ideas to be righteous, andRead MoreSlavery And The United States1305 Words   |  6 PagesSlavery; An Issue Neglected to a Key Principle in the U.S. For 20 years slavery had existed in the United States of America despite its immorality and the objections of many citizens. Strides were made to correct this injustice around the time of the Revolutionary war; colonists started to demand their natural human rights from Britain. In 1766, our founding fathers were the first faced with a decision to abolish slavery; they felt the pressure from facing the purpose of their campaign due to theRead MoreSlavery And The United States1507 Words   |  7 PagesOver the centuries, slavery held a prominent factor in United States history. Slavery shaped and formed what society was in the United States. Slavery’s influence impacted the United States in various ways. The ways that slavery impacted United States history are the United States economy, society and politics. Some historians argue slavery is not an important factor in United States history. However, they are wrong because slavery brought many different political movements and t he Underground RailroadRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States976 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery has played a very integral part in the development of the United States so far. It has taught people the importance of racial equality and moral discipline, which was lacked back in the time when slavery existed. Moreover, slaves were used mostly by farmers and business owners who wanted to maximize their profits and wanted cheap sources of labor. Slaves were first imported into the United States back in 1502 by a merchant named; Juan de Cà ³rdoba. The South was very interested in bringingRead MoreSlavery And The United States1673 Words   |  7 Pageshowever, when slavery existed, blacks were undermined and denied many freedoms entitled to them under the Constitution. There were many topics argued about, but slavery caused the most dispute within the country. In the 1850’s, the pro-slavery South and the anti-slavery North collided when the case of Dred Scott, a black slave who attempted to gain liberation, was brought to court. The North and South had vastly different views on the subject of slavery, Scott had resided in the free state of IllinoisRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1670 Words   |  7 Pageswedge between the nation. As the United States progressed into different industries, slavery benefited only one side of the country – the south. The north began outlawing slavery, deeming it as immoral and unconstitutional while the south needed and depended on slavery to maintain their economy. The opposing sides on the slave system lead to arguments between the North and the South as to decide what new territories would allow slavery, then leading on to outlawing slavery all together. Tensions increased

The fashion industry is a utopia, of silk and suede and,...

The fashion industry is a utopia, of silk and suede and, shoes and belts. It is a place where flowers smell of Chanel and Givenchy; and trees bear diamonds and rubies, where extravagant living is a reality; and thin women walk down the many streets with hot cups of espressos every fraction of a second. And this industry is not just the fourth largest in the world, but also the most loved! Millions have found livelihood here. Millions try everyday to find their place. And the options for them are many- designer, model, photographer, choreographer, stylist- the list is endless! But is it as simple as it looks? With the cut-throat competition in current times, its very difficult to carve out your own niche in this industry. To land up in a†¦show more content†¦Another former intern at Alexander McQueen sued the company recently for exploiting her and making her do art works for embroideries and dyeing fabrics for free. (The Guardian, February 17, 2014) In reality, the very concept of unpaid internship is faulty. To survive in expensive cities like New York or Los Angeles and pay out of your own pocket for food, accommodation and transportation while you work forty hours a week for free is both unrealistic and impractical, unless, of course if you have the financial backing. But that means that fashion internships are just for the rich as a middle-class household definitely doesnt have the budget for it. So does this imply that only if you have the money, you get a good internship? A survey by NACE which came in The Wall Street Journal says, 60% of 2012 graduates who worked a paid internship got at least one job offer, while just 37% of those in unpaid gigs got any offers. That’s slightly – only slightly – better than the offer rate for graduates who skipped internships entirely, at 36%. Without a job surety, interns are walking aimlessly knocking on every door to just get in. Interns are not even considered as employees although in most small scale companies they make up a major part of the working force. What is wrong in the system is that the ones who

Fidm Essay Paper Free Essays

Valencia MitchellFIDM Application Hi, I’m Valencia Mitchell, and I believe FIDM (Fashion Institute of Design and Merchandising) is the right school for me. Since the age of 10-11, fashion has been one of those things that I just knew I had a passion for. From reading fashion magazines; memorizing many French, Scandinavian, Italian, and American fashion designers; keeping up with the trends and events on style. We will write a custom essay sample on Fidm Essay Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now com, to catching up with fashion weeks all around the world online; I have finally found my place. I’m a very independent, social, determined, but goofy person. I love meeting new people. During my free time, I love to listen to music, draw, or watch movies. I love making people smile, and making their day better. I’m a junior in high school, but graduating early this upcoming year due to extra credits. No matter what I’m doing or where I am, I try to exceed the expectations that I have set for myself. I believe that FIDM is the perfect fit for me, because it mainly focuses on the occupation or industry you would like to work in. FIDM teaches you the inside and out’s of the industry, and prepares you for the future. For three years now, I have wanted to attend this school and I believe that FIDM will bring out the best of my abilities and make my future brighter. Ever since I was given a tour around the San Francisco campus, I have fallen even more in love with this school. The atmosphere, the energy, the display windows – it seemed like the school was made for me! This has made me even more excited for college and what my future will bring. The major that I’m applying for is Visual Communications. For the longest time, I wanted to be a fashion stylist. I loved how they didn’t just pick/choose and style the clothes – they tried to portray a story with props, location, and history as well. I’ve been a big fan of Grace Coddington (from Vogue), Camilla Nickerson, and Havana Lafitte. Visual Communications takes all those things and puts into one. When I toured the campus in San Francisco, I noticed many display windows in which were designed by many visual communication students. Every window I came across was different in style, and the story told from what they designed. Being in a classroom is okay at times, but I like being interactive with projects, also. Since I’m a very big dreamer, I believe this major is perfect for me. Upon my graduation from FIDM, I know that I will have accomplished what I always wanted to do ever since the age of 10. I want to feel that I never gave up on my dream of being who I always wanted to be. I know I will become very proud of myself when I graduate from FIDM. I would have gain the experience that I needed to push forward and explore new opportunities. Hopefully by then, I would have made great connections with different clothing brands such as J. Crew, BCBG, or Anthropologie. I believe that with me receiving education from FIDM, it will help me reach new heights that I never knew I could reach. This is the first step to reaching those heights. How to cite Fidm Essay Paper, Essay examples

The Debate About Tax Cuts

The debate that tax cuts may increase disposable income or reduce burden and boost economic growth is controversial and unsettled. Some believe increasing tax burden on corporate inversely affect the social welfare of the economy while others argue that they enhance growth.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Debate About Tax Cuts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Those who are not satisfied with the tax-cut arguments believe that the revenue earned from increased taxes can be directly invested in developmental activities. This essay discusses some of the arguments for and against reduction of corporate taxes and the way it may affect the social welfare of the economy. One of the arguments presented in support of tax-cut is that taxes have an overbearing burden on firms. The tax burden argument suggests that taxes already are overbearing burden on the organizations that pay them. These taxes are believed to direct ly affect the business revenue and/or increase the cost to the companies. More directly, taxes have a negative effect on the profit of the businesses. When profits are lowered, it reduces the capability of firms to expand their business, employ new people, or invest in newer avenues. Further, the supporters of this argument believe that as different states different tax burden, the businesses tend to move to states that keep the tax burden lower. In other words, the supporters of the tax-burden argument believe that with higher tax rates, the profit of firms are reduced therefore, reducing the capacity of companies to expand business. However, the tax-burden argument has certain flaws. Critics believe that state and local taxes on businesses have a relatively small burden operating costs and therefore have little effect on firm’s profit. These after-tax profits are also lower as these figures do not capture the real tax cut as the â€Å"tax incidence† (i.e. people who actually pays the taxes) are not considered while making these accounting calculations. Further, after-tax profits of the firms do not vary significantly after the state taxes are applied to their profits. This is so because the federal taxes have a leveling effect on the state and local taxes deductions. Further, taxes provide support to the public, which in a way is aimed to reduce costs of businesses. Therefore, taxes are not essentially burden to the firms. Therefore, understanding the pros and cons of the tax-cut arguments shows that state and local taxes have a small burden on the businesses and are unlikely to affect their operating costs.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another prevalent argument for tax-cut is supply side argument. It is argued that tax cuts allow firms to increase their profit and therefore their savings, which is directly invested towards economic growth. Individual tax cuts also enhance the propensity of people to save more and therefore increases their desire to earn more. In case of businesses, applying similar argument, it can be intuitively deduced that lower taxes would increase profit, and therefore, higher liquidity to invest in different areas of business. Some of the problems with the supply side argument are that research demonstrates that the positive effect of tax cut as an incentive to worker more is grossly overestimated. The second problem with the argument is that tax cuts may actually act as a negative impetus to work as people will have more disposable income with lower taxes and therefore may feel less need to work. Evidence shows that as after-tax income has increased over the years, people have chosen to retire earlier in their work-life-span, which actually shows that tax-cuts may lead to the desire to work less. Further, supply-side tax cuts may increase income inequality between those who work hard a nd those who do not. So the critics argue that as tax is not related to work effort but directly to income, income inequality may not induce greater work. On the other hand, greater inequality of income may increase the amount of the dissolution among those who fail earn more. Further, even if there is a greater savings among individuals of a state due to tax-cut, overall it will have very little effect on differential savings in comparison to other states, and therefore, lead to very little investments. The supply side tax-cut arguments do not fully comprehend the demand side effect of tax cuts that are more likely to reduce economic growth. The demand side argument for tax cuts is that economic growth and businesses grow as people spend more or have higher demand. Hence, with tax cuts, which would lead to greater disposable income, individuals can spend more, therefore increasing demand. Therefore, this is likely to increase jobs. This demand side argument has two weaknesses. Firs t, state tax cuts do not have any significant effect on the spending impulse of individuals, therefore, not affecting demand. However, such tax cuts actually reduces local government revenue, and therefore, within state public spending. The second weakness is that demand side theory supports tax increase by local authorities. Proponents of tax-cuts believe that a reduction in local taxes would positively affect the business climate as it shows that the state being supporting of business. however, the weaknesses of this argument is that businesses are influenced by the mere concept of â€Å"perception† of a state being lenient. A firm’s decision to do business in a state is based on many more factors than just tax burden. The second reason against this argument is that it may negatively influence the business climate.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Debate About Tax Cuts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Lear n More Lower taxes, it is argued, would make the local governments more competitive in attracting businesses for it is assumed that states engage in economic competition amongst each other. However, certain weaknesses against this argument are that local governments must provide tax cuts and incentives to lure businesses and retain them in the state. However, such tax cuts may send out a wrong signal and give out a perception that the local body has difficulty in retaining businesses. State taxes are meant as revenue for local bodies to utilize it in local developmental activities. A reduction in the taxes would imply reduced income of the local bodies and directly affect the developmental activities. In order to enhance developmental activities, it is more advisable to redirect the revenue earned of taxes towards strengthening child education system. This would help many poor and underprivileged children would otherwise receive no education and proper way of life. Child developme nt programs actually help in enhancing the intellectual and educational capability of the children. Further, such programs would also help in higher graduation rates from schools, leading to higher employability and consequently, earning. A better life earned through a better education would eventually lead to better health among the children. Higher incomes imply less welfare dependency, therefore reducing state burden, and lower crime rates. Eventually this would lead to greater government savings. This essay on The Debate About Tax Cuts was written and submitted by user Albert Ewing to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition and Examples of the Habitual Present Tense

Definition and Examples of the Habitual Present Tense In English grammar, the habitual present is a verb in the  present tense  used to indicate an action that occurs regularly or repeatedly. It is also known as the present habitual. Typically, the habitual present employs dynamic verbs, not stative verbs, and it may be accompanied by an adverb of frequency such as always, often, or  seldom. Examples and Observations He  runs every morning in  New York. Twice around the reservoir. I know, because I go with him. I dont run, but I go.  (Wil Haygood, Sweet Thunder: The Life and Times of Sugar Ray Robinson. Knopf, 2009)In the movie 50 First Dates, Lucy Whitmore wakes up every day with no memory of the previous day as a result of an automobile accident that has virtually eliminated her short-term memory.His wife buys daily the food for that day in a permanent market of small stores and booths in the plaza in quantities so small as to astound and amaze an American housewife.(May N. Diaz, Tonal: Conservatism, Responsibility and Authority in a Mexican Town. University of California Press, 1966)Joshua Stillman must be old but nobody ever thinks of what his age might be, he is so very much alive. He goes to the city every day and comes back early every afternoon. As he so seldom talks about himself nobody knows exactly what he does except that it has to do with books and small print.(Katharine Reynol ds, Green Valley. Grosset Dunlap, 1919) Adverbs of Frequency with the Habitual Present Present tense is also used with active verbs to describe something that happens routinely or habitually. Like the present tense that is used for general statements of fact, the habitual present tense does not limit routine or habitual activities to a particular time span. Instead, it suggests a timeless quality; that is, the habit or routine that happens regularly also did so in the past and will do so in the future. Hurran uses his truck to carry food and water to his familys tent camps in the desert. When the present tense is used to describe a habitual or routine activity, it may have an adverb of frequency with it. Each Saturday, Hurran drives into town to get food and water supplies. He washes and waxes his truck each week. (Linda Bates, Transitions: An Interactive Reading, Writing, and Grammar Text, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2005) The Habitual Present and the Present Progressive The habitual present . . . is used with dynamic verbs to encode situations that occur habitually over time, even if the action is not being carried out at the moment of speaking. For instance, referring to the following examples, Tim may not actually be working, nor the leaves falling at the moment of speaking. Nevertheless, the recurrent situation holds as the normal course of things and is appropriately referred to by the present tense. Tim works in an insurance company. Many trees lose their leaves in autumn. Again, it must be pointed out that the plain present tense used for habitual and other meanings contrasts with the present progressive, which encodes an actual occurrence of a dynamic action observed in the process of happening, as in Tim is working late today. The trees are already losing their leaves. (Angela Downing and Philip Locke, English Grammar: A University Course, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2006)

Nonce-words, For the Nonce, and Nonce

Nonce-words, For the Nonce, and Nonce Nonce-words, For the Nonce, and Nonce Nonce-words, For the Nonce, and Nonce By Maeve Maddox Cine Cynic posits a question about the word nonce in the expression nonce-word: Reading about Lewis Carroll, I stumbled upon the concept of nonce words. What surprised me the most is that nonce is also slang for paedophile in Brit. How did that come about? Is it related to the allegations about Lewis Carroll? The word nonce has been kicking around in English since the Middle Ages. There was a phrase for à ¾e naness (c.1200) which meant for a special occasion, for a particular purpose. This phrase was a misunderstanding of an earlier phrase, for à ¾an anes, which meant for the one. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the phrase for the nonce was used from the early 14th century as an empty filler in metrical composition. The phrase for the nonce as now used can mean for the occasion, for the time being, in the meantime. Nonce-word was coined in 1884 for the purpose of providing a descriptive label in the N.E.D. (New English Dictionary, original title of the Oxford English Dictionary) by the great editor James Murray. It was used to describe Words apparently employed only for the nonce. The phrase for the nonce, meaning for the occasion, is used by Claudius as he and Laertes plan to murder Hamlet: When in your motion you are hot and dry As make your bouts more violent to that end And that he calls for drink, Ill have prepared him A chalice for the nonce, whereon but sipping, If he by chance escape your venomd stuck, Our purpose may hold there. The expression for the nonce is still going strong on the web: Sticking with Firefox rather than Chrome for the nonce Tide of Creationism Stemmed for the Nonce Here’s a factoid to take into account, the wholly different cultural context (for the nonce) Moss donned a string bikini bottom for the nonce and skated on. You know how they sometimes ask you, â€Å"What’s your biggest fear?† It may not be that clichà ©d a question, but one still hears this phrase ‘biggest fear’ more than a few times in one’s life. I don’t want your answers, so you can hold your horses for the nonce. That many of these people appear to be completely bonkers has not prevented them from bringing the feds to a crashing halt for the nonce. (I have no idea how long a nonce is, so dont ask me.) The other kind of nonce, a person convicted of a sexual offense, esp. child abuse, is a more recent usage. Various fanciful acronyms have been offered to explain the origin of the slang word nonce. One of the more plausible etymologies connects it to a Lincolnshire dialect word nonse, meaning good-for-nothing. The earliest example in the OED (1971) is spelled nonse and is from a work about prison slang. In the second OED example (1975), the word occurs as the plural nonces. The third example (1984), extracted from Police Review, states that the word nonce was derived from nancy-boy. I rather doubt that the chaps who came up with the slang term knew anything about the allegations against the creator of Alice in Wonderland (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson [1832-1898], aka Lewis Carroll). The allegations that Dodgson was a pedophile began to surface in academia in the 1930s and 1940s. Dramatist Dennis Potter brought the idea into the mainstream with his 1965 play Alice, and the 1985 screenplay Dreamchild. Several recent biographies of Dodgson have continued to speculate. The only connection that can be drawn between the word nonce and Lewis Carroll is the fact that Carroll invented several nonce-words. Many nonce-words are portmanteau words in which two words are telescoped to create a new word. Most fade into oblivion, but a few, like brunch (breakfast+lunch), and electrocute (electro+the ending of execute) find a lasting place in the language. Two of Carrolls portmanteau words are: chortle (snort+chuckle), and snark (snake+shark). You can find an overview of the evolution of the allegations against Dodgson on the Tate Publishing site. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Slang Terms for MoneyDifference between "Pressing" and "Ironing"What the Heck are "Peeps"?

What is strategic HRM To what extent and in what ways might HRM have a Essay

What is strategic HRM To what extent and in what ways might HRM have a strategic role to play in organisations - Essay Example In addition, the traditional employees’ motivators have changed and individuals are given more decision-making power. As the result, the role of HRM is also changing. HRM is already recognized to have influence in overall organization effectiveness. Human Resource strategy is focused on integrating different HR practice into businesses to provide competitive advantage. â€Å"HRM cannot be viewed as the separate function of business unit because the alignment of HR processes with business strategies is of primary importance† (Armstrong 2002). Despite of technological advances, the knowledge and skills of employees are the key source of organizational efficiency. According to the statistics in UK, the HR specialists have the seat on the Board of Directors in almost every company. Thus, the HR department has the significant level of influence within an organization. As many as 54 percent of HR managers in UK are involve in the development of overall company strategy. Having the right people on the right positions determines the organizational success. Companies are become more oriented to global markets and as the result, the personnel becomes culturally diverse. Ensuring â€Å"the productive cooperation of multicultural individuals is vital for strategy accomplishment† (Tyson 1995). If the company wants to succeed, having flexible, effective workforce is the first step to start with. For this reason, there is the tendency to outsource HR activities to professional agencies. Recruitment, training, consultations, team building and even downsizing are the services provided by outside professionals. Despite of the increasing need to implement strategic Human Resource Management, there are several concerns that challenge the transition from traditional to strategic functioning. Globalization has increased to need in â€Å"well-educated, trained and flexible workforce† and â€Å"individuals

The Challenge of Consistency and Security Assignment

The Challenge of Consistency and Security - Assignment Example Experience has also shown that the hiring of the third-party vendor in IT, logistics management, infrastructural and technology upgrade and other functions in the organization opens the possibility of unauthorized intrusion, breach and use of such data and infrastructure. Consistency in the enforcement of protocols that maintain the integrity of IT as well as physical infrastructure is needed such as IA standard plans, policies and /or procedures governing DON, DOD, USMC and regional IT capability operation, integrity, security compliance, availability and sustainment including IP video surveillance, Intrusion Detection System (IDS), cipher locks and approved storage containers. Consistent implementation of these protocols not only to avoid data and infrastructure compromise but also to deter attempt any forms of the breach. Effective leadership and overseeing of personnel helps to avoid human inconsistency in the implementation and enforcement of security and compliance protocols. It also helped to maintain consistency in the compliance in the enforcement of protocols of security and inventory control with the implementation of Information Assurance program that does not only maintain consistency but also determines and recommend appropriate actions to improve operational effectiveness and efficiency. The challenge of consistency and security is addressed by the implementation of Information Assurance program that would not only determine and recommend appropriate actions to improve operational effectiveness and efficiency but also maintain the structural as well as data integrity consistent with the service level goals of the organization. The implementation and compliance with best practices in Logistics Management of implementing quality assurance in every node of supply chain help to maintain sound inventory. The coordination with project managers Contracting Officer’s Representatives (COR) in the design and construction of new facilities and in modernization, restoration, or sustainment projects for existing facilities ensures compliance with DoD Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) and thus helps achieve service level objective in all operational areas.  Ã‚  

The Most Popular Type Of Online Advertising

The Most Popular Type Of Online Advertising Introduction Online advertising can say as a form of promotion. It uses the Internet and World Wide Web for provide the marketing messages to attract customers. Online advertising is also divided into many different forms of advertising. For example, pop-out advertising, button advertising, sponsorships advertising, banner advertising, interstitial advertising, classified advertising, interactive game advertising, text advertising, facebook advertising, floting advertising and so on. It also has variety of payment methods for online advertising. The most common way in online advertising payment methods are CPM, CPC, and CPA. In my opinion, online advertising are the great way for sellers to promote or deliver their goods information for public. Online advertising are easy to use, and the easy way to let public know. The costs of online advertising are very low, so it can save the owners money. Other than that, online advertising also can save our earth. Why I say this is because it is environmentally friendly. The owner post their advert information online, they no need to use the paper to produce advertising paper. Moreover, for public, internet is a common thing nowadays. Most of the people have computer in house. They can online and get the information easily. Besides that, nowadays online shopping is very popular. There are certified sellers, and people can buy product from them safety. Online advertising have many advantages but also have some disadvantages. It cannot deliver the information for the old aged people, because they seldom online and they do know how to use the computer. Moreover, there are also some cheaters online. So, the improvements of online advertising have to do effectively. This report have intro the most popular online advertising. It is banner advertising and facebook advertising. The contents are about the advantages, disadvantages, improvement of the advertising and some example of the advertising. Online Advertising The key of successful business is the business how to promote the product and services to all readers by using the online. According to the statistical data, more of the 80% people will everyday surf through the technologically such as internet. So, the internet has becomes an indispensable part of peoples lives. Thus, it can be considered a wide channel for the business which wants to promote their products and services to all the people. The online advertising method has becomes the most popular method for the business. It is because online advertising is easy and low advertising cost. Besides that, the online advertising also have a lot of the readers or viewers. There are many method of online advertising that can used to promote the product and services such as bloggers advertising, banner advertising, email advertising, forum advertising and so on. But in this assignment, I would like to go on deep about the banner advertising. Advantages of Banner Advertising Banner Advertising is a most important component of web-business creation. It is a good method for making the profits in the website. It is because banner advertising is very simple and easy by just sign up an affiliate programs and follow the instruction given to create an attractive banner that link your website with the advertiser. We can free to choose the design of the layout and content of our site. With the pay-per-click advertisements, we can get paid from viewer who clicked on your banner. Moreover, it is the easier way to let the viewers remember the company name and logo. On the other hand, it become more effective and convenience compare when compare with other online advertising. Furthermore, the banner advertising is much cheaper than other ads. It normally counts by the size of the banner or loads of a banner advertisement, a cost per miles (CPM) for a minimum purchase. For example, if you make a banner ad on Yahoo, it cost you a CPM of $20 $25. It is much cheaper than other advertising media. Compare with others, the small firm or company can afford for the banner advertising cost. In addition, by using the banner advertising that can easy got a lot of larger audiences. Last but not least, with the banner advertising, we can share the information at anywhere and in any times. It is because the internet is links worldwide. So, everyone can access to the Internet 24 hours daily . Besides that, publisher also update the product and service information release products and services as well as promotion instantly. Disadvantages of Banner Advertising There are few disadvantages of banner advertising. Firstly, there is no assurance of the audience responses. It is because banner only assures that the banner advertising maybe will just be viewed by people and is no guarantee that people will click on the banner advertising. Secondly, the publisher must make sure that the banner advertising is attractive and innovative. It is because if the banner advertising is not attracted by the reader, then nobody would click into the banner advertising and deliver the message of the advertising . It is waste time and cost because maybe the business or firm need to hire the professional for creating a unique banner in order to compete with the competitors. The speed will also the banner advertising. It is because many graphics, moving image or video will take more time to load and waiting the image appears. This and the idea that designer create will become mess, it will be discourage some viewers and readers. Finally, the publisher can only know about the number of views of the banner advertising but unable to estimate the effective of the advertising. It is because banner ads may be unreliable on the revenue. Furthermore, there are too many incidents of cheating in Internet, viewers will have a thought before clicking into any ads because viewer will to afraid the fraud cases and the viruses spread. This eventually brings negative effect on the banner advertising who advertises through online. Improvement Banners adv is most popular for the marketers. But in the recently years, the prices of the banner advertising are drop and also not so attracted by the people. So, the designer must use the bright color for the advertising. It is because bright color can easy attract the readers attraction. Besides that, the slogan for the advertisement needs to be improved. The slogan must be short and clear that can let the readers understanding the contents of the advertising. Besides that, the best way to advertise the banner advertising is using animate. Comparing the static advertising and animated advertising, animated advertising can attract more the readers. All the animation effect can be more easily to express the meaning of advertising. On the other hand, if the banner advertising want increase viewer, the advertising picture must load quickly. It is because most all the viewers do not have so much patience, it is not suitable for the viewer waiting so long. So, we must let our advertising loading faster. Facebook Advertising Facebook is born on year 2004. It is created by three Harvard university students, the purpose they launched this website is to put students in touch with one another and share their photos and meet new friends. Firstly, the name of the website is known as thefacebook.com. After a year, the website becomes extremely popular on the Harvard campus and students in 800 colleges across the United States are joining the network. In August of that year, its membership grew to more than 5 million, and the sites name changed to Facebook. Facebook was originally launched for college students, but today anyone can join the network. Facebook purpose is giving people a way to share information in an easy and entertaining way. So facebook advertising is nowadays popular in every level of people. Advantage of facebook advertising is clearly proved in recent year. Now, let me explain about the advantage of facebook advertising. It can be classified and change from existing advertising to one by one type of signal transduction by knowing the facebook users interests, their areas of work, the brand they concern and the way they interacting with friends. As we know, nowadays many people took facebook as a part of their lives, so this is the where you can find your audience who interested to your product. There is a real case about the efficiency of facebook adverting. Facebook give ability to CM Photographic Company to target their consumer group, which are the women between 24-30 years old and their relationship status on Facebook indicated that they were engaged. Over the 12 month, the CM Photographic Company put in $600 advertising investment on facebook and they already generated nearly $40,000 profit. Recently, aready have 11,977 facebook users like CM Photographic company, they not only effective consumer, they have indicated a wish to obtain more information. This is the example of the facebook advertising. The advertisement always appears on the right side, and if you want to know the information clearly, you can click the title of the advertisement to get more information on its front page. Advantages of facebook advertising are numerous. It can easily reach your target consumers. You can link with 500 million customers that who are potential. Moreover, you can choose your audience by interest, age, location and gender. You can random use simple image or text-based adverts to view your product. Facebook advertising can deep strengthening the relationship between seller and buyer. It can promote your facebook front page and website, facebook user can use use the like button to increase your adverts influence. It also can found a community around your business. The most important thing when we want to create the adverts is budget. Facebook advertising provide a system that are low-cost and easily to control your budget. You can Set the daily budget you are adapt and regulate your daily budget at any time. Other than that, you can also select to pay only when people click (CPC) or see your advert (CPM). The disadvantages of facebook adveritising are the credibility is very small. The person who see the advertisement have to reflect on the advertisement whether it is true or not. This is because nowadays many cheater. Another disadvantages is the promotion that published on the facebook advertising, some of it are cheat. The seller just wants to attract the facebook user to look at the advertisement. Other than that, the field of people level are not balance. Normally, the facebook user are young or middle-aged people, but less of old aged people. So that, not everything can advert on facebook. Besides that, there are something cannot sell online. This is because you do not know whether there is suitable for u to use or not. There are some improvement can make for facebook advertising. The most important is get reliance form the user. Facebook can survey the information of the advertisement before published on facebook. Other than that, also can distributed an authenticate for the real information advert. Conclusion Normal advertising is a method of promoting product by using 100% offline and physical product such as newspapers, magazines, flyers and others. It is the form of advertisement that easily spread any message to the reader. By using online advertising, the reader internet just can only know the product and services. The online advertising and offline advertising both have their different usefulness. But, both advertisement must include the name of the product and services, it can easily let the reader can understand at a glance. Besides that, the advertisement also must include the benefits of the product and services that can easily persuade the reader from buying the product and services and can increase the sales and profit. Internet also become the main and efficient medium for advertising and it has be predicted that the online advertising and marketing is going to replace the normal advertising through the traditional media such as television, radio, newspaper and magazines. Comparison The online advertising is more efficiently compared with the normal advertising such as television. It is because the online advertising can immediately send the information to the reader. So, the reader can quickly up-to- date with all kind of information. On the other way, the old method of advertising such as newspaper would take at least 1 day to produce the advertisements. So, the reader cannot immediately know all the information. The normal advertisement such as television or newspaper that can be obtained by copyright, takes a lot of time. Unlike the online advertising, we do not need to waste the time to obtain the copyright. Thats why online advertising is faster and save the publishers time. Besides that, if we want to publish the advertising through the traditional advertising such as newspaper, it may charge a higher advertising fee. But for the online advertising, we directly post our advertising through the website. It can be free or just charge a little of the cost fees. Besides that, the online advertising also can post the product pictures that can let the reader convenient to choose the product. Thus, some of the websites provide 24 hours service a day, so the reader can choose the product or services at anytime. For the traditional method, only the readers who are willing and able to buy the newspapers able to view the advertisement. The online advertising is for the reader who can access the internet only can view the advertisement. So, it is considered as global advertising. But if the advertising were to be done through the newspaper, the advertisement can only be used in one country. There are few advantages of online advertising compared to the traditional online advertising that give the company ads more wider coverage and the global wider coverage that will help to make the advertisement more popular among people which could help to get better result though online advertising campaign. Online advertising is faster compared to the offline advertising in sending out the ads to the audience in advertising the campaign. However, there are also some disadvantages involved in online advetistment. Disadvantages of advertising online include measurement problems, audience characteristics, potential for deception, costs, limited production quality, poor reach and lack of Intrusiveness. For normal advertising, it can be said that it is more effective and powerful in promoting a particular product or service. The advantages that are derived through online advertising such as right from cost, availability, wider consumer markets, and the potential to increased profit margins, internet advertising has the upper hand. For the traditional print methods and distributions have the trends of the internet surpass at each level of the marketing process. Traditional print advertising is composed of common marketing collateral. Internet advertising is the conglomeration of electronics such as computer, or server, and the marketing collateral is on a professionally designed website, which also known as an electronic storefront. In evaluating costs in traditional print publication, heavy expenses are incurred through the design for each campaign or promotion, printing fees, and storage facilities to store the containers and bundles of material. Furthermore, there is the distribution cost that needs to be considered such as the costs of labour, transportation and the postage itself. Talking about the error rectification, the traditionally printed promotion may incur at the costs that be paid. In contrast, the advantages of Internet-based advertising, the error modification incur a little cost in repairing typographical errors and wrong promotion dates. Its much easier to fix an oversight instantly, and only takes a moment. To throw light on the availability of a business, traditional print promotions are time-centered. The hours of a business or service are limited to the hours, hence potential sales to consumers during the non working hours are limited. The promotion is also possible for only a set tenure, and when the session gets completed, the whole process is repeated with additional cost. In analyzing the advantages of internet versus traditional print methods, the consumer market potential is extremely limited in the traditional advertising with geographical restrictions in most media being available only to the local viewing area. The businesses are rarely in small-mid-size in approaching the sales on a national or global level. By comparison, the internet marketing is more advantages since it caters to the global market and has no physical or geographical limitations. In this day and age, the website is readily available to any consumer with a computer includes the majority of consumers throughout the world. There are no additional costs in reaching the expanded global markets since internet advertising extends to the global audience. The chances of potential customers are more and hence the profit margin is also on the higher side. In other words, the advantages of internet advertising is much more than the traditional print forerunner, in lessened costs, availability, expanded consumer markets, and largely in the overall profit margin .

On His Arrival at the Age of Twenty- Three Poem Analysis Essay

On his arrival at the age of twenty-three, written by John Milton was created during the puritan period. John Milton was born in cheapside, London, in 1608, he grew up in a wealthy family that gave Milton all the opportunity’s to be well educated and attend Cambridge University one of the most highly decorated schools in Europe and the World. Milton grew up during the puritan age, literature during the puritan age shows the effects of social and religious conflicts, these thoughts effect how Milton wrote poetry and in this poem he reflects on his religious beliefs. At the age of 43 Milton was completely blind which affected his writing after that period, although he wrote this poem before that time allowing a different view of the world and religion. One thing to understand about Milton’s sonnets is their topical range was that he was not a writer of love sonnets. Milton writes political sonnets, occasional sonnets, elegiac sonnets, and sonnets of personal meditation, like this one. The result of the puritan period was a loss of freedom, severe persecution for all and a decline in literary progress (Hodson, February, 2013). On his arrival at the age of twenty-three was most likely written in 1632 at a crucial time in Milton’s life, just after his graduation from Cambridge. Milton here acknowledges that he may not seem as mature as some of his contemporaries but expresses a desire to use his talents well and his trust in God’s will for him over time. On his arrival at the age of twenty-three comments on how a man’s life has gone by, what he’s done and achieved and what role God plays into the life of humanity. The poem shows the concerns that Milton had about his career when he was young and still hadn’t chosen his own way in life. In this famous work of his we don’t see a celebration of a birthday but a problem that the young gentleman faces as time passes by. The author uses many metaphors and symbols in order to give a more vivid image of his problem, and at the end he gives a solution to this problem. In fact, this problem is relevant even today, when young people have to decide on a career. Also as time goes by people ask them more often what they have done in their life. Milton places a tone of despair and hope all into one poem, he’s aware he hasn’t done anything worthwhile in his life yet but believes God has still given him time to, the theme of the novel is that time goes quickly and if you leave your time in to the hands of God he will be on the right path in life, but also the crisis of faith and putting your life into Gods hands. Grant-3 Grant-3 Milton worries that time has passed too quickly. He has been at Cambridge studying, but has had little time to fulfill what he sees as his destiny. Milton is aware he is a talented poet, but instead of writing poetry, he has been studying. This precipitates a crisis of faith for the poet, who worries he has wasted precious time. But maybe the poet’s talent, which â€Å"be it less or more,† (Milton line 9) will be less when he is mature. He worries, although he is still confident of his future. About fifty years after Milton’s death, however, this poem was named â€Å"On His Having Arrived at the Age of Twenty-Three. † This title was immediately popular and has endured the time since his death, even if some scholars of Milton wonder whether in saying that â€Å"Time† has â€Å"Stolen† his â€Å"three-and-twentieth year† Milton is actually saying that he is commemorating in this poem his twenty-fourth and not his twenty-third. (Poetry for Students,  ©2013 Gale Cengage). Milton wrote in a Sonnet that had an a,b,b,a c,d,d,c rhyme style. The Petrarchan Sonnet was used during this time period, a Petrarchan sonnet into two distinct parts: the octave (the first eight lines) and the sestet (the last six lines). The octave usually poses a problem, depicts a situation, or offers an observation. The sestet usually provides a resolution of the problem or brings the matter to a conclusion. This sets up the poem for a problem proposed and a solution to solve everything (Hodson, February, 2013) Milton uses the structure to his advantage and his poses the problem of asting his time or â€Å" But my late spring no bud or blossom shew’th† (Milton line 4) and having no achievements yet. To the solution that â€Å" Toward which Time leads me, and the will of Heaven† God will lead him to what right and how he should live his life and use his talents to please God and get into heaven. In on his arrival at the age of twenty-three Milton is both the writer behind the poem and the speaker of it. This shows the poem i s about him and his experience with time. Grant-4 Grant-4 The though development throughout the poem is very intriguing and uses careful diction and metaphors to get his point across. In the first and second lines â€Å"How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth, Stolen on his wing my three-and-twentieth year! † (Milton 1,2). Milton personifies Time meaning Father Time that steal your youth then he uses a metaphor of a bird to represent time after and how Father time stole his Twenty-three years of youth. Just like someone stealing an object, the job is done quick and goes unnoticed till a later time just like time creeps up on all of us. Milton goes on to say he hasn’t been able to have any achievements yet. Next Milton says â€Å" Perhaps my semblance might deceive the truth, that I to mandhood am arrived so near; and inward ripeness doth much less appear† (Milton 4,5,6). The poet remarks that he does not seem as old as he is and the truth that he is practically a man. Inward ripeness continues the natural metaphor of bud and Grant-5 Grant-5 lossom in line 4; the poet has more maturity or ripeness inside than he shows outside, although others are â€Å" more timely-happy spirits endu’th† (Milton 8) meaning that they are happy being there age. This is where the shift from Octave to sestet occurs. He has stated the problem that live has gone by so fast he hasn’t been able to get an achievements and how he’s matured more then anyone else. Allow ing for a depressing tone by using words like stolen, no bud, deceive and a late spring to perceive that his time and talents have been completely waster so far. Where the octave found dissonance between his inner and outward states of maturity, the sestet’s answer is that time and the will of heaven will even things out according to plan. The sestet and solution begins with him realizing that weather he achieves something in his life now or later it will still be measured in the strictest even (Milton 11). Noting the multiple puns used by Milton in this line: â€Å"measure† could mean a musical measure or a line of verse; â€Å"even† may be an adjective modifying â€Å"measure† or may lead the reader into the next line, â€Å"even to that same lot. Milton often places adjectives both before and after nouns, and he likewise often lets the word at the end of a line work in two different ways in each line (encyclopedia. com). Regardless of how much maturity there is he is being judged equally to everyone else. The final three lines tell the audience that Milton will let God lead him to where ever he wants him to be and leaves his decision to God or the â€Å"taskmaster†. â€Å"Time leads me, and the will of Heaven† (Milton 12) Father time lets life go on and Milton will follow the will of the heavens. Milton then goes on and ends the poem by saying â€Å"I have grace to use†¦ in my great Taskmaster’s eye† (Milton, 11,12). Just like God chose Milton’s talents so will his destiny be chosen. Grant-6 Grant-6 The theme Milton developed throughout the poem was one of time going by quickly and the crisis of faith, the hard decision of putting all of it in God, although this would be easy for Milton to do back in the times of the puritans because that is what they believed in, although this day and age is would be a lot different. That’s the tremendous part of this poem, its applicable to every day society and life, we can use it to learn and be better. The crisis created by Milton’s awareness of the passage of time is one that can be resolved by the poet’s choice to put his future in God’s hands. In the first eight lines of the poem, Milton worries that time has passed too quickly. He has been at Cambridge studying, but has had little time to fulfill what he sees as his destiny. Milton is aware he is a talented poet, but instead of writing poetry, he has been studying. This precipitates a crisis of faith for the poet, who worries he has wasted precious time. Although he soon realizes God will lead him in the correct path with time and he can use his talent of poetry to the best of his ability. Milton used a cunning way and the sonnet format to produce a poem that can be read and studied throughout the ages and still be applicable to that day. Religion and the crisis of faith will always be a hot topic and its up to personal opinion to figure out which one you should choose. Milton and his puritan views allowed him to pick God easily although someone like Robert Herrick a cavalier in his days, would choose a carefree life so they live while they can now, â€Å"times, still succeed the former† (Herrick, To the Virgins, to make much of time, line 12). Throughout the poem Milton uses nature imagery for metaphors and produces and affective tone of despair and hope between the octave and sestet, also putting a theme of the how time passes very quickly and the crisis of faith.

Is migrant domestic labour a modern form of international slavery - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2246 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? In the twenty first century, employment of domestic workers is entirely universal. They carry out tasks such as child-rearing, food provisioning and preparation, cleaning, laundering and other homemaking tasks. Most of this invisible work throughout recorded history has been considered to be outside of production, either unwaged or so poorly paid it cannot serve to reproduce the labourer. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Is migrant domestic labour a modern form of international slavery?" essay for you Create order However, domestic work, traditionally undertaken by women, is social reproduction, and is necessary to sustain productive labour. Marxists believe that social formations arise from the dominant mode of production and necessarily reflect and reproduce that mode in order to continue it through time. In a capitalist system, the reproduction of both the means of production and the forces of production must be ensured, otherwise production will cease and the system will flounder. The global capitalist economy has altered the social reproduction over the past three decades and many wealthier sections of society in developed countries now pay woman from poorer countries in the developing world to care for their children and carry out their domestic requirements. This migration for work in domestic service occurs on international, regional and rural-urban scales, and has become a major mechanism by which Third World women are incorporated into the waged labour market. However, the widespread phenomenon of the contemporary maid trade (Momsen, 1999: p.9) possess a number of disturbing similarities to the slave trade of the 16th to 19th centuries. Maids experience violence, are highly vulnerable and have limited access to political, social and economic citizenship rights. This causes them to become frustrated or defeated by the awesome power of the state to restrict or prohibit their capacity to belong to the imagined community of the nation (Mitchell et al, 2003). In order to assess whether migrant domestic labour is a 21st century form of international slavery, it is necessary to recognise the reasons for its occurrence: the capitalist economy. Globalised capitalism has changed the face of social reproduction worldwide over the past four decades, enabling intensification of capital accumulation and exacerbating differences in wealth and poverty. During the 1960s and 1970s, feminist theories labelled housework as the great equaliser of women. Whatever women did, they all did housework, and if there were some women who hired others to do it they were a privileged few. All women were workers and their home was the workplace. This work was unpaid and unsupervised. Since then, the demand for domestic help has altered considerably. During the 1960s, the dual career family emerged as a new family form (Gregson and Lowe, 1994), but one that could only function if there were surrogates to take over the wifes domestic role. In addition, for many countries the 1980s saw the demise of the social contract as a result of neoliberalism, privatisation, and the fall of the welfare state. The result was a reliance on private means of securing and sustaining social reproduction characterised by an increase in hiring of workers to cope with childcare and eldercare. This is usually done by women, and has clear class, race and national components. Many women immigrate from Third World countries in search of work in the First World. The increasing global wage gap is a powerful incentive for the move. In addition, migrants can also receive more security in the developed world, having access to a variety of jobs, which is a crucial factor in the instabilities that globalisation creates. In 1996, over half of those who legally emigrated to the United States were women (Hochschild, 2000). The majority of these female migrants found work as domestics. The burden of middle-class working mothers in the rich North is reduced at the expense of increasing the burdens of these servants immigrating from the developing world, who are often also mothers themselves. Immigrant workers must rely on the help of others to care for their own children. In this global care chain, poorer women raise children for wealthier women while still poorer women raise their children. Parrenas (2001: p.86-88) describes this globalisation of mothering by detailing how one domestic worker relies on a paid domestic worker to care for her children in the Philippines as she takes care of the household work of a professional woman in Italy. Although it is important to recognise that the employer is not directly responsible for this separation of mother and child, the situation does possess similarities with separation of slave children from their mothers during the slave trade. Many migrant workers are illegal, as in the case of Paraguayan women working as domestic servants in Buenos Aires, or they are largely undocumented, as in Singapore (Momsen, 1999). They choose to work as live-in domestics because it is an occupation which provides a place to live for newly- arrived immigrants, and it is least likely to be checked by immigration authorities. Cox and Watt (2002) carried out a survey of domestic workers in the Hampstead area of North London, and the women sampled were all employed on an informal basis. The consequence of this was that these immigrants have no legal rights to basic requirements such as sick or holiday pay, or health and safety cover. T his arrangement was highly beneficial to employers as they had no responsibility for their employees. Furthermore, in receiving countries, state policy often treats foreign domestic workers as no more than a form of commodified labour to be bought and sold in the open market (Yeoh, and Huang, 1998). In Singapore, foreign workers are largely seen as a buffer to even out the swings of the business cycle (The Straits Times, November 17, 1988, quoted in Yeoh and Huang, 1998) and are subject to repatriation during periods of economic downturn such as the 1984/5 recession when 200, 000 workers were sent home (Salaff, 1990). This treatment cannot be equated with slavery, but nonetheless it is exploitation of financially less advantaged people and reinforces the domination and control of one group over another. Migrants who work in domestic services experience a further lack of basic rights in the way in which their employers have a significant degree of control over their movement. For example, the employer often exerts power over the worker by holding their passport to ensure their good behaviour. his means that the workers liberty is severely restricted and her movements controlled by her employer. In addition, while employers do not own their workers, in the United States, the visas given to domestic workers require them to only work for the employers who sponsor them. If they leave the employer they are liable for deportation. The actual experience of the worker in this sense may therefore, be similar to that of a slave (Anderson, 2000). Domestic workers are increasingly recognised in the international community as among the most widely exploited and most vulnerable to abuse and violence (Stasiulis and Bakan, 1997: p.32). Violence against domestics is hard to quantify, but incorporates a variety of types including physical violence, poor living conditions and overwork. The most severe violence towards domestics was highlighted in May 2015 when Indonesia ann ounced that it would stop sending new domestic workers to 21 Middle Eastern countries after two Indonesian women were executed in Saudi Arabia (France-Presse, 2015). Poor living conditions are also witnessed and are characterised by a lack of food and privacy. In Canada, thousands of migrant workers gain access to the country via the Live-in Caregiver programme. This is a visa programme designed and implemented by the Canadian federal government, to create a supply of domestic workers at rates affordable to middle-class Canadian families. The vast majority of domestic workers come from the Philippines and since 1984 this origin has accounted for over 60 per cent of migrant workers (Pratt et al, 1998). The programme stipulates that the migrant domestic worker must live in their employers home. Some employers fail to provide a lock for the door and respect the workers room as a private space. The insecurity of their own room means that domestic workers cannot properly claim a place , and it communicates to them their lack of rights and the transitory nature of their stay in Canada (Pratt, et al 1998). Hunger is also a problem for some domestic workers. If starvation is not really the issue, their diminished status is communicated and absorbed through food restrictions. Beyond the shortage of food, some domestic workers also feel a great awkwardness about introducing their own cultural food habits into the house. This lack of privacy and food alone cannot be claimed to be a form of slavery, however the relationship that it creates between employer and employee does have parallels with the control and power exerted over slaves by their master during the slave trade. A major feature of the exploitation of domestic workers occurs through the restricting, controlling or even striking out of the maids day of rest. A survey by Yeoh and Huang (1998) on migrant domestic workers in Singapore found that 28.4 per cent of the maids have no day off at all, about one thir d have one day off per month, and just over 10 per cent have one day off per week. Pratt, et al (1998) describes the discomfort felt by Filipino domestic workers in Canada, within the rest of the house when their employers were home, because of feelings that they must continue working and a sense of being scrutinised. Domestic workers are also subject to non-payment or a reduction in wages. Furthermore, the management of these companies find ways of shaving off nearly an hours worth of wages a day, such as time spent travelling from house to house and unpacking equipment. It can be suggested therefore, that domestic work is a form of economic slavery. Suggestions that migrant domestic labour is a 21st century form of international slavery particularly come from the nature of the work they must carry out and also physical violence that they are subjected to. For example, domestic workers are often told to scrub the floor twice daily with a toothbrush and stand to attention while t he employer is out. Anderson (2000) illustrates the horrific treatment migrant servants all too frequently face. She gives details of a 15 year old girl from Burma who was sold by her parents and taken to Bangkok where she worked 18 hour days, cooking, cleaning, doing the laundry, massaging her employers and sleeping on the floor in a store room. She was required to do this for 5 months without pay. The girl attempted to escape, but was brought back at gunpoint. In other cases, male employers have been found to rape and sexually abuse migrant workers. Migration for work in domestic service, although having deep historical roots, has been reinvented in the last three decades in response to the global spread of neo-liberal economic policies and the increased paid employment of women. It has now become a transnational activity, in which women leave their native land to work for a short period in a foreign country, in order to support the families left behind. Much of this work is do ne by racialised minorities and those whose legal status is precarious (Ehrenreich and Hochschild, 2003). These groups are therefore, highly vulnerable and their treatment by the middle- class has led to claims that migrant domestic labour is a 21st century form of international slavery. This is highlighted through the separation of mother and child, a lack of basic rights and the abuse of power and control over employees. However, it must be recognised that these experiences are not uniform within and between countries. Many domestic workers are well treated and lead happy lives. Moreover, it has been argued that while some workers experiences may be similar to those of slaves, the mechanisms of power exercised over them are different. The legal limitations on the power held over migrant domestic workers in the 21st century are generally greater than those that were held over slaves. Bibliography Anderson, B. (2000) Doing the Dirty Work? The Global Politics of domestic labour. London: Zed Books. Cox, R. and Watt, P (2002) Globalization, polarization and the informal sector: the case of paid domestic workers in London, Area. 34: 39-47. Ehrenreich, B. and Rothschild, A.R (2003). Global Woman: Nannies, Maids and Sex Workers in the New Economy. London: Granta Books. France-Presse, A. (2015) Indonesia to stop sending domestic workers to Middle East, The Guardian, Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/may/05/indonesia-to-stop-sending-domestic-workers-to-middle-east-reports,. Accessed: 1st October, 2015. Gregson, N. and Lowe, M. (1994): Servicing the middle classes: class, gender and waged domestic labour in contemporary Britain. London: Routledge. Henshall Momsen, J. (ed) (1999) Gender, Migration and domestic service. London: Routledge. Hochschild, A.R (2000) Global care chains and emotional surplus value. In Hutton, W. and Giddens, A. (eds) On th e Edge: Living With Global Capitalism. London: Johnathon Cape. Katz, C. (2001) Vagabond capitalism and the necessity of social reproduction, Antipode 33: 709-728. Mitchell, K., Marston, S.A., and Katz, C. (2003) Introduction: Lifes work: An Introduction, Review and Critique, Antipode 35: 415-442. Parrenas, R.S. (2001) Servants of Globalization: Women, Migration, and Domestic Work. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Pratt, G. et al. (1998) Inscribing domestic work on Filipina bodies, in Nast, H. and Pile, S. (eds) Places Through the Body. London: Routledge. Salaff, J. W. (1990) Women, the family, and the state: Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore ÃÆ'? Newly Industrialised Countries in Asia, in: Stitcher S. and Parpart J.L (eds) Women, Employment and the Family in the International Division of Labour, pp. 98-136. Basingstoke: Macmillan. Stasiulis, D. and Bakan, A. (1997) Negotiating Citizenship: The Case of Foreign Domestic Workers in Canada, Feminist Review No. 57 , Citizenship: Pushing the Boundaries (Autumn, 1997): 112-139. Yeoh, B. and Huang, S. (1998) Negotiating public space: Strategies and styles of migrant female domestic workers in Singapore, Urban Studies 35: 583-602.

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